Comparative antimicrobial study of Vernonia amygdalina Del. and Lawsonia inermis L. against microorganisms from aqueous milieu
Abstract
Limitations have been concurrent with the use of antibiotics in chemotherapy. Hence, antimicrobial potency of aqueous and ethanol leaf extracts of Vernonia amygdalina and Lawsonia inermis on some selected multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria and fungi isolated from stream were compared. The phytochemical evaluation and antimicrobial susceptibility test of MAR bacteria and fungi was achieved via CLSI reference standard of perfloxacin (10 µg) and ketoconazole (150 mg/ml) with susceptibility index (>14.00 mm and >15.00 mm, respectively) as control for bacteria and fungi respectively. Saponin and steroids were present in both V. amygdalina and L. inermis ethanol extracts but alkaloids were present in V. amygdalina and absent in L. inermis ethanol extracts. The ethanol extract of L. inermis had higher percentage recovery yield (16.13%) to that of V. amygdalina (10.78%). Synergistic effect of mixture of V. amygdalina and L. inermis ethanol extracts was displayed against Alcaligenes faecalis (29.00 mm) and P. penneri (20.00 mm). The MIC and MBC of V. amygdalina ethanol extract against A. feacalis was both 50 mg/ml. The combined mixture of V. amygdalina and L. inermis ethanol extracts showed 12.67 mm against A. fumigatus. This study revealed the antibacterial and antifungal potentials of V. amygdalina and L. inermis extracts in the treatment of related water-borne infections.
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