In vivo assessment of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of Phlomis crinita polyphenols
Keywords:
Phlomis crinita, Phenolic content, Edema, Stress
Abstract
The leaves of Phlomis crinita are traditionally used in Algerian medicine for the treatment of pain and inflammatory conditions. In order to find a potential application for this native species, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects were investigated on various in vivo experimental models, and the total phenolic compounds and flavonoid contents were determined. The carrageenan-induced paw edema method was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the extract in vivo, while the in vivo antioxidant effect was assessed by estimating oxidative stress parameters (MDA, CAT, and SOD). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of substances with high therapeutic values. In vivo anti-inflammatory studies show that plant extract has a significant and dose-dependent impact on the inhibition of edema formation. The maximum percentage inhibition value was 87.79% after 4 h at a concentration of 500 mg/kg. Moreover, the administration of the extract significantly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the livers of mice. It significantly (p ˂ 0.05) increased CAT and SOD activities and significantly (p ˂ 0.05) decreased the MDA level activity, compared to the control inflammatory group. Our findings support that Phlomis crinita can be considered as a promising source of therapeutic bioactive compounds.
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References
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31. Li, Q, Yang S, Yang S, Xin F, Wang M. Anti-inflammatory activity of phlomisoside F isolated from Phlomis younghusbandii Mukerjee. Int Immunopharmacol. 2015; 28(1): 724-730.
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33. Bacchi S, Palumbo P, Sponta A, Coppolino MF. Clinical pharmacology of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a review. Anti-Inflamm Anti-Allergy Agents Med Chem. 2012; 11(1): 52-64.
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35. Boutennoun H, Boussouf L, Kebieche M, Al-Qaoud K, Madani K. In vivo analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials of Achillea odorata from north Algeria. S Afr J Bot. 2017; 112: 307-313.
36. Chen CC, Wang YH, Sun RY, Lu XY, Xu YP, Wang YQ, et al. Salidroside protects against caerulein with the LPS-induced severe acute pancreatitis through suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation in mice. J Funct Foods. 2022; 96: 105179.
37. Liu M, Huang Q, Zhu Y, Chen L, Li Y, Gong Z, Ai K. Harnessing reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and inflammation: Nanodrugs for liver injury. Mater Today Biol. 2022; 13: 100215.
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39. Om P, Gopinath MS, Kumar PM, Kumar SM, Kudachikar VB. Ethanolic extract of Pyrus pashia buch ham ex. D. Don (Kainth): A bioaccessible source of polyphenols with anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo. J Ethnopharmacol. 2022; 282: 114628.
40. Shukla V, Mishra SK, Pant HC. Oxidative stress in neurodegeneration. Adv Pharmacol Sci. 2011; 2011: 572634.
41. Amić D, Davidović-Amić D, Bešlo D, Rastija V, Lućić B, Trinajstić N. SAR and QSAR of the antioxidant activity of flavonoids. Curr Med Chem. 2007; 14(7): 827-845.
42. Rajendran NN, Thirugnanasambandam P, Viswanathan S, Parvathavarthini S, Ramasamy S. Antinociceptine pattern of flavone and its mechanism as tested by formalin assay. Indian J Exp Biol. 2000; 38: 182-185.
43. Li DW, Lee EB, Kang SS, Hyun JE, Whang WK. Activity guided isolation of saponins from Kalopanax pictus with anti-inflammatory activity. Chem Pharm Bull. 2002; 50: 900-903.
44. Matsuda H, Morikawa T, Ando S, Toguchida I, Yoshikawa M. Structural requirements of flavonoids for nitric oxide production inhibitory activity and mechanism of action. Bioorg Med Chem. 2003; 11: 1995-2000.
2. Incalza M.A, D'Oria R, Natalicchio A, Perrini S, Laviola L, Giorgino F. Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species in endothelial dysfunction associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Vasc Pharmacol. 2018; 100: 1-19.
3. Wang YT, Zhu L, Zeng D, Long W, Zhu SM. Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activities of essential oil from Trachydium roylei. J Food Drug Anal. 2016; 24(3): 602-609.
4. Nwaehujor CO, Ezeja MI, Udeh NE, Okoye DN, Udegbunam RI. Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities of Mallotus oppositifolius (Geisel) methanol leaf extracts. Arab J Chem. 2014; 7(5): 805-810.
5. Sansbury BE, Spite M. Resolution of acute inflammation and the role of resolvins in immunity, thrombosis and vascular biology. Circ Res. 2016; 119: 113-130.
6. Lu Q, Li R, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Li J. Ingredients with anti-inflammatory effect from medicine food homology plants. Food Chem. 2022; 368: 130610.
7. Lodhi S, Jain AP, Rai G, Yadav AK. Preliminary investigation for wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects of Bambusa vulgaris leaves in rats. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2016; 7(1): 14-22.
8. The Plant List. A working list of all plant species. 2013; http://www.theplantlist.org/.
9. Sarikurkcu C, Uren MC, Tepe B, Cengiz M, Kocak MS. Phlomis armeniaca: Phenolic compounds, enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Indust Crops Prod. 2015; 78: 95-101.
10. Limem-Ben Amor I, Boubaker J, Ben Sgaier M, Skandrani I, Bhouri W, Neffati A, Kilani S, Bouhlel I, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Phytochemistry and biological activities of Phlomis species. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009; 125(2): 183-202.
11. Kabouche A, Kabouche Z, Seguin E, Tillequin F, Bruneau C. A phenylethanoid glycoside and flavonoids from Phlomis crinita (Cav.) (Lamiaceae). Biochem Syst Ecol. 2005; 33: 813-816.
12. Merouane A, Saadi A, Noui A. Impact of removal of micro and nano sized particles on the phenolic content and antioxidant activity: Study on aqueous and methanolic leaves extracts of Phlomis crinita. Indust Crops Prod. 2018; 114: 132-136.
13. Yu J, Ahmedna M, Goktepe I. Effects of processing methods and extraction solvents on concentration and antioxidant activity of peanut skin phenolics. Food Chem. 2005; 90: 199-206.
14. Othman A, Ismail N, Abdel Ghani I, Adenan I. Antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of cocoa beans. Food Chem. 2007; 100: 1523-1530.
15. Djeridane A, Yousfi M, Nadjemi B, Boutassouna D, Stocker P, Vidal N. Antioxidant activity of some Algerian medicinal plants extracts containing phenolic compounds. Food Chem. 2006; 97: 654-660.
16. Winter CA, Risley EA, Nuss GW. Carrageenan-induced oedema in the hind paw of rat as an assay for anti-inflammatory activity. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1962; 111: 544-547.
17. Iqbal M, Sharma SD, Okazaki Y, Fujisawa M, Okada S. Dietary supplementation of Curcumin enhances antioxidant and phase II metabolizing enzymes in ddY male mice: possible role in protection against chemical carcinogenesis and toxicity. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2003; 92: 33-38.
18. Bradford MM. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem. 1976; 72: 248-254.
19. Okhawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K. Assay of lipid peroxides in animal tissue by thiobarbituric reaction. Anal Biochem. 1979; 95: 351-358.
20. Clairborne A. Catalase activity. In: Greenwald RA, ed. CRP Handbook of Methods for Oxygen Radical Research. CRP Press, Boca Raton, FL. 1985: 283-284.
21. Beauchamp C, Fridovich I. Assay of superoxide dismutase: improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Anal Biochem. 1971; 44(1): 276-287.
22. Xu H, Wang G, Zhang J, Zhang M, Fu M, Xiang K, et al. Identification of phenolic compounds and active antifungal ingredients of walnut in response to anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides). Postharvest Biol Technol. 2022; 192: 112019.
23. Merouane A, Fellag S, Noui A. Variation of Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity in Organs and Populations of Phlomis crinita L. Rev Cuba Plantas Med. 2020; 25(4): e1123.
24. Sarikurkcu C, Uren MC, Tepe B, Cengiz M, Kocak MS. Phlomis armeniaca: Phenolic compounds, enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Indust Crops Prod. 2015; 78: 95-101.
25. Ashley NT, Weil ZM, Nelson RJ. Inflammation: mechanisms, costs, and natural variation. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst. 2012; 43: 385-406.
26. Moriasi GA. Ireri AM, Nelson EM, Ngugi MP. In vivo anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, and in vitro antioxidant efficacy, and acute oral toxicity effects of the aqueous and methanolic stem bark extracts of Lonchocarpus eriocalyx (Harms.). Heliyon. 2021; 7(5): e07145.
27. Teles AM, Xavier GS, de Freitas Moreira WF, Moragas-Tellis CJ, dos Santos Chagas MDS, Behrens MD, et al. Talaromyces purpurogenus from a marine-polluted environment inhibits pro-inflammatory markers in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and in carrageenan-induced paw edema. J King Saud Univ Sci. 2022; 34(4): 102021.
28. Yimer T, Birru EM, Adugna M, Geta M, Emiru, YK. Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of 80% methanol root extract of echinops kebericho M. (Asteraceae). J Inflamm Res. 2020; 13: 647-658.
29. Chakraborty A, Devi RK, Rita S, Sharatchandra KH, Singh TI. Preliminary studies on anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of Spilanthes acmella in experimental animal models. Indian J Pharmacol. 2004; 36: 148-150.
30. Shang X, Wang J, Li M, Miao X, Pan H, Yang Y, Wang Y. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Phlomis umbrosa Turcz extract. Fitoterapia. 2011; 82(4): 716-721.
31. Li, Q, Yang S, Yang S, Xin F, Wang M. Anti-inflammatory activity of phlomisoside F isolated from Phlomis younghusbandii Mukerjee. Int Immunopharmacol. 2015; 28(1): 724-730.
32. Taşkın T, Çam ME, Bulut G, Hazar-Yavuz AN, Kabasakal L, Bitiş L. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Phlomis pungens and Coridothymus capitatus. Marmara Pharm J. 2018; 22(1): 80-85.
33. Bacchi S, Palumbo P, Sponta A, Coppolino MF. Clinical pharmacology of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a review. Anti-Inflamm Anti-Allergy Agents Med Chem. 2012; 11(1): 52-64.
34. Boussouf L, Boutennoune H, Kebieche M, Adjeroud N, Al-Qaoud K, Madani K. Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant effects of phenolic compound from Algerian Mentha rotundifolia L. leaves on experimental animals. S Afr J Bot. 2017; 113: 77-83.
35. Boutennoun H, Boussouf L, Kebieche M, Al-Qaoud K, Madani K. In vivo analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials of Achillea odorata from north Algeria. S Afr J Bot. 2017; 112: 307-313.
36. Chen CC, Wang YH, Sun RY, Lu XY, Xu YP, Wang YQ, et al. Salidroside protects against caerulein with the LPS-induced severe acute pancreatitis through suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation in mice. J Funct Foods. 2022; 96: 105179.
37. Liu M, Huang Q, Zhu Y, Chen L, Li Y, Gong Z, Ai K. Harnessing reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and inflammation: Nanodrugs for liver injury. Mater Today Biol. 2022; 13: 100215.
38. [38] Li Z, Zhao T, Ding J, Gu H, Wang Q, Wang Y, et al. A reactive oxygen species-responsive hydrogel encapsulated with bone marrow derived stem cells promotes repair and regeneration of spinal cord injury. Bioact Mater. 2023; 19: 550-568.
39. Om P, Gopinath MS, Kumar PM, Kumar SM, Kudachikar VB. Ethanolic extract of Pyrus pashia buch ham ex. D. Don (Kainth): A bioaccessible source of polyphenols with anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo. J Ethnopharmacol. 2022; 282: 114628.
40. Shukla V, Mishra SK, Pant HC. Oxidative stress in neurodegeneration. Adv Pharmacol Sci. 2011; 2011: 572634.
41. Amić D, Davidović-Amić D, Bešlo D, Rastija V, Lućić B, Trinajstić N. SAR and QSAR of the antioxidant activity of flavonoids. Curr Med Chem. 2007; 14(7): 827-845.
42. Rajendran NN, Thirugnanasambandam P, Viswanathan S, Parvathavarthini S, Ramasamy S. Antinociceptine pattern of flavone and its mechanism as tested by formalin assay. Indian J Exp Biol. 2000; 38: 182-185.
43. Li DW, Lee EB, Kang SS, Hyun JE, Whang WK. Activity guided isolation of saponins from Kalopanax pictus with anti-inflammatory activity. Chem Pharm Bull. 2002; 50: 900-903.
44. Matsuda H, Morikawa T, Ando S, Toguchida I, Yoshikawa M. Structural requirements of flavonoids for nitric oxide production inhibitory activity and mechanism of action. Bioorg Med Chem. 2003; 11: 1995-2000.
Published
2023-04-24
How to Cite
(1)
Boutennoun, H.; Boussouf, L.; Balli, N.; Makhlouf, L.; Madani, K.; Al-Qaoud, K. In Vivo Assessment of Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Phlomis Crinita Polyphenols. European Journal of Biological Research 2023, 13, 94-105.
Section
Research Articles
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