Prevalence of common inhaled allergies in Erbil province, Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Keywords:
Allergic diseases, Inhalant allergens, IgE, Erbil and Euroline inhaled Iraq 1
Abstract
Nowadays, inhaled allergens are the main causes of allergic diseases, which are derived from different sources such as animal dander, grasses, tree, insects and fungi/molds. Identification and detection of allergens play a critical role in the diagnosis and treatment of many allergic diseases. Aims were to determine the prevalence of most common inhaled allergens in Erbil province and determination the intensity of allergic response among allergic patients against 35 identified inhaled allergens items. A total number of 170 patients suffering from suspected inhalant allergy were checked in the present study. The study was carried out for patients who visited the private clinical sectors between 2018-2020 in Erbil province, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Determination of specific IgE (sIgE) antibodies was examined for suspected patients. The country-specific inhaled allergy profile “Euroline inhaled Iraq 1” (Catalog no: DP 313816011 E, IVD approved, and CE certified EUROLINE immunoblot), containing strip for 35 different inhalant allergens, has been used in this study. Positive specific IgE to inhaled allergens was detected in 22.35% of our suspected patients. Orchard grass (21.05%) was the most inhaled allergen in our 38 allergic patients, followed by the Meadow foxtail (15.78%), Cockroach German and Sweet vernal grass (13.15%). Based on the present study results, we conclude that the prevalence of inhaled allergy differed between men and women in different age groups. Our study reached that there were no associations between inhaled allergens and sex or age.
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References
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28. Cao P-P, Zhang Y-N, Liao B, Ma J, Wang B-F, Wang H, et al. Increased local IgE production induced by common aeroallergens and phenotypic alteration of mast cells in Chinese eosinophilic, but not non-eosinophilic, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Clin Exp Allergy. 2014; 44(5): 690-700.
29. Boos AC, Hagl B, Schlesinger A, Halm BE, Ballenberger N, Pinarci M, et al. Atopic dermatitis, STAT3- and DOCK8-hyper-IgE syndromes differ in IgE-based sensitization pattern. Allergy. 2014; 69(7): 943-953.
30. Manise M, Bakayoko B, Schleich F, Corhay J-L, Louis R. IgE mediated sensitisation to aeroallergens in an asthmatic cohort: relationship with inflammatory phenotypes and disease severity. Int J Clin Pract. 2016; 70(7): 596-605.
2. Lambrecht BN, Hammad H. Allergens and the airway epithelium response: gateway to allergic sensitization. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014; 134(3): 499-507.
3. Ishak SR, Abd El Sayed STK, Wahba NS. Prevalence of common sensitizing aeroallergens in Egyptian asthmatic patients. World Allergy Org J. 2020; 13(4): 100115.
4. Philpott CM, Erskine S, Hopkins C, Kumar N, Anari S, Kara N, et al. Prevalence of asthma, aspirin sensitivity and allergy in chronic rhinosinusitis: data from the UK National Chronic Rhinosinusitis Epidemiology Study. Respir Res. 2018; 19(1): 129.
5. Rasheed MH, Al-Joboury H, M Al-Hasnawi S. Prevalence of aeroallergens in patients with symptoms of respiratory allergy in Al-Najaf Province. J Kerbala Univ. 2016; 12(2): 50-58.
6. Mahboubi Oskouei Y, Farid Hosseini R, Ahanchian H, Jarahi L, Ariaee N, Jabbari Azad F. Report of common aeroallergens among allergic patients in Northeastern Iran. Iran J Otorhinolaryngol. 2017; 29(91): 89-94.
7. Kokandi AA. Pattern of aeroallergen sensitization in atopic dermatitis patients at University Clinic in Jeddah-Saudi. Br J Med Med Res. 2013; 4(2): 747-754.
8. Taia W, Ibrahim M, Bassiouni E. Study of the airborne fungal spores in Rosetta, Egypt. Eur Exp Biol. 2019; 9(1): 4.
9. Hameed HG, Al-Fatlawi SN, Khudhair SA, Rasheed SM. Relationship between total serum IgE level and skin prick test in patients with symptoms of respiratory allergy. Kufa J Nurs Sci. 2016; 6(3): 53-59.
10. Al-Saimary IE, Bakr SS, Al-Hamdi KE. Serum immunoglobulin and complement component levels in patients with atopic dermatitis. Adv Biores. 2013; 4: 111.
11. Enroth S, Dahlbom I, Hansson T, Johansson Å, Gyllensten U. Prevalence and sensitization of atopic allergy and coeliac disease in the Northern Sweden Population Health Study. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2013; 72(1): 21403.
12. Cingi C, Topuz B, Songu M, Kara CO, Ural A, Yaz A, et al. Prevalence of allergic rhinitis among the adult population in Turkey. Acta Oto-Laryngologica. 2010; 130(5): 600-606.
13. Kumar R, Kumar M, Bisht I, Singh K. Prevalence of aeroallergens in patients of bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis in India based on skin prick test reactivity. Indian J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2017; 31: 45-55
14. Mbatchou Ngahane BH, Noah D, Nganda Motto M, Mapoure Njankouo Y, Njock LR. Sensitization to common aeroallergens in a population of young adults in a sub-Saharan Africa setting: a cross-sectional study. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2016; 12(1): 1.
15. Mpairwe H, Muhangi L, Ndibazza J, Tumusiime J, Muwanga M, Rodrigues LC, Elliott AM. Skin prick test reactivity to common allergens among women in Entebbe, Uganda. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2008; 102(4): 367-373.
16. Wang W, Huang X, Chen Z, Zheng R, Chen Y, Zhang G, Yang Q. Prevalence and trends of sensitisation to aeroallergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Guangzhou, China: a 10-year retrospective study. BMJ Open. 2016; 6(5): e011085.
17. Newson RB, van Ree R, Forsberg B, Janson C, Lotvall J, Dahlen SE, et al. Geographical variation in the prevalence of sensitization to common aeroallergens in adults: the GA 2 LEN survey. Allergy. 2014; 69(5): 643-651.
18. Sheehan WJ, Rangsithienchai PA, Baxi SN, Gardynski A, Bharmanee A, Israel E, Phipatanakul W. Age-specific prevalence of outdoor and indoor aeroallergen sensitization in Boston. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2010; 49(6): 579-585.
19. Yang Y, Zhao Y, Wang C, Wang X, Zhang L. [Prevalence of sensitization to aeroallergens in 10 030 patients with allergic rhinitis]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2011; 46(11): 914-920.
20. Sakashita M, Hirota T, Harada M, Nakamichi R, Tsunoda T, Osawa Y, et al. Prevalence of allergic rhinitis and sensitization to common aeroallergens in a Japanese population. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2010; 151(3): 255-261.
21. Li S, Yu Y, Ruan B, Liu B, Zhao X, Qiu J. [Prevalence of sensitization to aeroallergens in 1 893 patients with allergic rhinitis in Yunnan]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2013; 27(5): 246-250.
22. Konradsen JR, Fujisawa T, van Hage M, Hedlin G, Hilger C, Kleine-Tebbe J, et al. Allergy to furry animals: New insights, diagnostic approaches, and challenges. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015; 135(3): 616-625.
23. Yan YR, Xu YH, Zheng Q, Guo YS. The prevalence and sex difference of allergen sensitization among adult patients with allergic diseases in Shanghai, China. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2019; 37: 147-153.
24. Bardei F, Bouziane H, Kadiri M, Rkiek B, Tebay A, Saoud A. [Skin sensitisation profiles to inhalant allergens for patients in Tétouan city (North West of Morocco)]. Rev Pneumol Clin. 2016; 72(4): 221-227.
25. Lee MK, Lee WY, Yong SJ, Shin KC, Lee SN, Lee SJ, et al. Sensitization rates to inhalant allergens in patients visiting a university hospital in Gangwon region. Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011; 31(1): 27-32.
26. Chiu C-Y, Huang Y-L, Tsai M-H, Tu Y-L, Hua M-C, Yao T-C, et al. Sensitization to food and inhalant allergens in relation to atopic diseases in early childhood: a birth cohort study. PLoS ONE. 2014; 9(7): e102809.
27. Rostam SRK, Shekhany KAM, Smail HO. Prevalence of common food allergies in Erbil Province, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. AIMS Allergy Immunol. 2020; 4(4): 117-127.
28. Cao P-P, Zhang Y-N, Liao B, Ma J, Wang B-F, Wang H, et al. Increased local IgE production induced by common aeroallergens and phenotypic alteration of mast cells in Chinese eosinophilic, but not non-eosinophilic, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Clin Exp Allergy. 2014; 44(5): 690-700.
29. Boos AC, Hagl B, Schlesinger A, Halm BE, Ballenberger N, Pinarci M, et al. Atopic dermatitis, STAT3- and DOCK8-hyper-IgE syndromes differ in IgE-based sensitization pattern. Allergy. 2014; 69(7): 943-953.
30. Manise M, Bakayoko B, Schleich F, Corhay J-L, Louis R. IgE mediated sensitisation to aeroallergens in an asthmatic cohort: relationship with inflammatory phenotypes and disease severity. Int J Clin Pract. 2016; 70(7): 596-605.
Published
2021-01-03
How to Cite
(1)
Rostam, S.; Shekhany, K.; Smail, H. Prevalence of Common Inhaled Allergies in Erbil Province, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. European Journal of Biological Research 2021, 11, 134-145.
Section
Research Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
